Filters
Essential components that trap dust, debris, and other contaminants like odor, smoke, etc. from the air, ensuring cleaner, healthier air quality while enhancing HVAC system performance and efficiency.
COARSE FILTERS
- Primarily capture particles larger than 10 microns (e.g., dust, lint, hair).
- With an efficiency of less than 50% for PM10 particles (particulate matter ≤10 microns).
- Categorized as ISO Coarse, followed by the minimum average efficiency percentage for particles ≥10 µm (e.g., ISO Coarse 40%).
- A filter labeled ISO Coarse 40% means it removes at least 40% of larger particles (PM10 and above).
- These are often pre-filters, placed before medium or fine filters to extend the lifespan of the more sensitive filters.
- Made from materials like fiberglass, synthetic fibers, or metal mesh.
- Low resistance to airflow.
- Cost-effective.
- Common in residential, commercial, and light industrial applications.
|
Class |
Typical Arrestance |
Particle Size Targeted |
Typical Use |
|
G1 |
<65% |
>10 μm |
Very coarse dust (rarely used now) |
|
G2 |
65–80% |
>10 μm |
Basic pre-filtration |
|
G3 |
80–90% |
>10 μm |
General-purpose pre-filters |
|
G4 |
> 90% |
>10 μm |
High-efficiency coarse filter; final filter in low-demand systems |
- G1–G4 filters were not tested for fine dust like PM2.5 or PM1, only for larger particles.
- These filters were commonly used as pre-filters in HVAC systems to protect finer filters (like M5–F9 classes in EN 779 or ISO ePM1/ePM2.5 in ISO 16890).
- Arrestance was measured using synthetic dust like ASHRAE test dust.
- EN 779 was officially withdrawn in 2018.
- ISO 16890 replaced it to represent real-world conditions better (using PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 metrics).
- EN 779 G1–G4 roughly corresponds to ISO Coarse filters, though not directly.
Material | Polyester Fiber |
Thickness | 15-17 mm |
Max. Operating Temperature | 100°C |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 1,5 m/s |
Initial Pressure Drop | 35 Pa |
Average Gravimetric Efficiency | 89,8% |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G3 |
Dust Holding Capacity | 473 g/m2 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | Yes |
Options:
Code | Dimension | Polyester Fiber |
MF250BR1 | 1×20 meters | A30 |
MF250BR3 | 1,5×20 meters | A30 |
MF250BR4 | 2×20 meters | A30 |
Applications:
· Ventilation, industrial facilities and air conditioning systems
· Pre-filtration and separation of particles with medium high granulometry.
Material | Polyester Fiber |
Thickness | 18-20 mm |
Max. Operating Temperature | 100°C |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 1,5 m/s |
Initial Pressure Drop | 34 Pa |
Average Gravimetric Efficiency | 90,8 % |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G4 |
Dust Holding Capacity | 475 g/m2 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | Yes |
Options:
Code | Dimension | Polyester Fiber |
MF300AR1 | 1×20 meters | A40 |
MF300AR4 | 2×20 meters | A340 |
Applications:
· Ventilation, industrial facilities, and air conditioning systems
· Pre-filtration and separation of particles with medium-high granulometry.
Material | Glass Fiber |
Thickness | Aluminum |
Max. Operating Temperature | 300°C (At continuous operation 250°C) |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 1 m/s |
Initial Pressure Drop | 58 Pa |
Average Gravimetric Efficiency | %95 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G4 |
Dust Holding Capacity | Self-Damping |
Flame Resistance | No |
Options:
Code | Dimension | Polyester Fiber |
MFAT20201 | 480x480x15 mm | G4 |
Applications:
· Air filtration at high temperatures
· At air inlets and outlets in painting and drying cabins
Material | Glass Fiber |
Thickness | 50 mm |
Max. Operating Temperature | 120°C |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | A=0,5-1 B=1,5-2,5 m/s |
Initial Pressure Drop | A=25 B=35 Pa |
Average Gravimetric Efficiency | %82 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G3 |
Dust Holding Capacity | 3000-5000 g/m2 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | No |
A: Paint separation (0,5-1 m/s)
B: Air purification plants (1,5 – 2,5 m/s)
Options:
Code | Dimension | Polyester Fiber |
MF300PR1 | 1×20 meters | GLASS FIBER |
MF300PR2 | 1,2×20 meters | GLASS FIBER |
MF300PR3 | 1,5×20 meters | GLASS FIBER |
MF300PR4 | 2×20 meters | GLASS FIBER |
Applications:
· Used as ‘paint holder’ at dyehouses
· Pre-filtration in industrial air purification plants
Filter Material | Polyurethane |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 80°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | 100% |
Average Gravimetric Efficiency | 82% |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G2-G3 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | Yes |
Applications:
· Ventilation and air conditioning in the pharmaceutical and photographic industry.
· At air purification plants and filter walls.
· In spray paint booths.
Filter Material | Braided Galvanized Wire |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 200°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %100 |
Average Gravimetric Efficiency | %75 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G2 |
Flame Resistance | Fireproof |
Renewable | Yes |
Applications:
· Air filtration in corrosive environments
· Anti-grease and anti-sparkle filtration, oil smoke separation.
Filter Material | Braided Galvanized Wire |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 200°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %100 |
Average Gravimetric Efficiency | %75 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G2 |
Flame Resistance | Fireproof |
Renewable | Yes |
Filter Material | Polyester Fiber |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 100°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | 100% |
Average Gravimetric Efficiency | %89 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G3 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | Yes |
Applications:
· Industrial ventilation and civil air-conditioning plants.
· Pre-filtration and separation of coarse and fine particles
· Air purification plants, filter walls
· Pre-filter for high efficiency and kitchen filters
Filter Material | Polyester Fiber |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 90°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 0,45 m/s |
Average Gravimetric Efficiency | G3: %87 – G4 : %90 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G3 – G4 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | No |
Applications:
· Pre-filter or final filter in civil or industrial plants with a high air flow
· Pre-filtration for absolute filters
· Recommended for ABA-T thermally welded bags, oily fogs, and welding fumes
MEDIUM & FINE FILTERS
Medium air filters that can capture smaller particles than coarse filters, but not as small as fine or HEPA filters. These are mid-range filters used widely in HVAC systems to remove dust, pollen, mold spores, and other airborne particles in the 1–10-micron range.
In the Old Standard: EN 779:2012
Under this now-obsolete classification (replaced by ISO 16890), medium filters were defined as:
Class | Minimum Average Efficiency (Am) | Typical Particle Size Range | Typical Use |
M5 | ≥ 40% on 0.4 µm particles | 3–10 µm | Offices, shopping malls, pre-filter for clean rooms |
M6 | ≥ 60% on 0.4 µm particles | 1–10 µm | Schools, hospitals, secondary filters |
- The “M” stands for medium.
- Filters in these classes had higher dust-holding capacity than G-class (coarse) filters and were more efficient against fine dust.
In the New Standard: ISO 16890
The term “medium” isn’t used directly anymore. Instead, filters are classified by their efficiency in removing specific particle sizes:
ISO Class | Rough Equivalent to EN 779 | Particle Size Range |
ISO ePM10 | ≈ M5–M6 | 0.3–10 µm |
So, an ISO ePM10 60% filter would be similar in performance to an old M6 filter.
Common Applications of Medium Filters:
- Pre-filtration before HEPA or fine filters
- General commercial buildings (schools, banks, supermarkets)
- Residential air handling units (with better indoor air quality requirements)
Summary:
- Medium filters = M5–M6 (EN 779) or ISO ePM10 (ISO 16890)
- They remove medium-sized particles (1–10 µm)
- Often used as intermediate filters in multi-stage air filtration systems
Fine filters are high-efficiency air filters designed to remove smaller particles from the air — typically between 0.3 to 1 micron, including fine dust, bacteria, smoke, and allergens. They are commonly used in cleaner environments like hospitals, laboratories, or high-quality HVAC systems.
In the Old Standard: EN 779:2012
Fine filters were classified as:
Class | Minimum Average Efficiency (Am) on 0.4 µm particles | Typical Use |
F7 | ≥ 80% | Clean offices, commercial buildings, schools |
F8 | ≥ 90% | Medical areas, food production, clean zones |
F9 | ≥ 95% | Pre-filter for HEPA, pharmaceutical and critical areas |
- The “F” stands for Fine.
- Efficiency measured using synthetic dust on 0.4 micron particles.
In the New Standard: ISO 16890
Fine filters are now classified as:
ISO Class | Rough Equivalent to EN 779 | Particle Size Targeted |
ISO ePM2.5 | ≈ F7 | ≤ 2.5 µm |
ISO ePM1 | ≈ F8–F9 | ≤ 1.0 µm |
A filter labeled ISO ePM1 80% captures at least 80% of particles smaller than 1 micron.
Common Applications of Fine Filters:
- Hospitals and clinics
- Cleanrooms
- Airports, museums, and data centers
- As a final filter in general HVAC or a pre-filter for HEPA systems
Summary:
- EN 779 fine filters: F7–F9
- ISO 16890 equivalents: ISO ePM2.5 and ISO ePM1
- Capture particles from 0.3 to 1 micron
- Ensure clean indoor air quality and protect human health
Filter Material | Synthetic Microfiber |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 90°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Average Colorimetric Efficiency | %60-65 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | M6 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | No |
Applications:
· Filtration of aerosol and fine particles in ventilation and air-conditioning plants
· Final filtration of particles suspended in the air
Filter Material | Synthetic Microfiber |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 90°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Average Colorimetric Efficiency | % 80-85 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | F7 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | No |
Applications:
· Separation of aerosols and fine particles in air conditioning and ventilation facilities
· Final filtration of particles suspended in the air
Filter Material | Synthetic Microfiber |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 90°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Average Colorimetric Efficiency | %95 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | F9 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | No |
Applications:
· Separation of aerosols and fine particles in air conditioning and ventilation facilities
· Final filtration of particles suspended in the air
Filter Material | Glass Fiber |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 70°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Average Colorimetric Efficiency | M6: %65 F7: %85 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | F9: %95 |
Flame Resistance | M6 – F7 – F9 |
Renewable | No |
Applications:
· Air conditioning systems or industrial processes
· Special modules for ventilation
Filter Material | Synthetic Microfiber |
Frame Material | Plastic |
Max. Operating Temperature | 90°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Average Colorimetric Efficiency | %95 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | F9 |
Flame Resistance | F1-DIN.53438 |
Renewable | No |
Applications:
· In ventilation and air conditioning facilities, to separate fine particles
· Pre-filtration and main filtration in plants with high flow rates
· High efficiency filtration in critical applications
· Air purifications of smoke, pollen
Filter Material | Micro Glass Fiber |
Frame Material | Plastic |
Max. Operating Temperature | 65°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Average Colorimetric Efficiency | M6 – %65 F7 – %85 F9 – %95 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | M6 – F9 |
Renewable | No |
Applications:
· In ventilation and air conditioning facilities, to separate fine particles
· Pre-filtration and main filtration in plants with high flow rates
· High efficiency filtration in critical applications
· Purifications of smoke, pollen
HEPA FILTERS
HEPA stands for High-Efficiency Particulate Air. HEPA filters are high-performance air filters designed to capture microscopic particles — including bacteria, viruses, pollen, smoke, and fine dust — down to 0.3 microns in diameter with extremely high efficiency.
A true HEPA filter must remove at least 99.97% of airborne particles that are 0.3 microns in size (as per U.S. DOE standard).
- 0.3 microns is considered the Most Penetrating Particle Size (MPPS) — the hardest to capture.
- HEPA filters also trap larger and smaller particles even more efficiently.
HEPA Filter Classifications
EN 1822 / ISO 29463 (European/International Standard)
This standard further classifies HEPA and ULPA filters:
Filter Class | MPPS Efficiency | Typical Use |
EPA E10 | ≥ 85% | HVAC pre-cleanroom |
EPA E11 | ≥ 95% | General clean air zones |
EPA E12 | ≥ 99.5% | Higher air purity needs |
HEPA H13 | ≥ 99.95% | Hospitals, labs, cleanrooms |
HEPA H14 | ≥ 99.995% | Critical filtration (surgery, pharma) |
ULPA U15–U17 | ≥ 99.9995%–99.999995% | Microchip production, biosafety labs |
Materials:
- Dense mats of glass microfibers or synthetic fibers
- Highly pleated to increase surface area
- Often used with pre-filters to extend life
Common Applications:
- Medical and surgical rooms
- Cleanrooms (electronics, pharma)
- High-end vacuum cleaners and air purifiers
- Airplanes and automotive cabin filters
- Biosafety cabinets
Limitations:
- High airflow resistance — may require more powerful fans
- Not washable (unless designed to be)
- Must be correctly sealed and installed to prevent bypass leakage
Summary:
Feature | HEPA Filter |
Particle size | ≥ 0.3 microns (MPPS) |
Efficiency | ≥ 99.97% (H13: ≥99.95%) |
Best for | Cleanrooms, hospitals, air purifiers |
Standards | EN 1822 / ISO 29463, DOE (US) |
Filter Material | Micro Glass Fiber |
Frame Material | MDF or Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 90 ºC |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Efficiency M.P.P.S. | ≥ 85 % |
Classification (EN 1822 – 2010) | E10 |
Initial Pressure Drop | 200 Pa |
Final Pressure Drop | 600 Pa |
Applications:
· Ventilation in electronics, medical products, photography industry
· Atmosphere control in hospitals, laboratories, hygienic rooms, and data processing centers
· For very fine and sensitive air filtration
Filter Material | Micro Glass Fiber |
Frame Material | Hardboard or Galvanized |
Max. Operating Temperature | 70°C |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Efficiency M.P.P.S. | H13: %99,95 H14: %99,995 |
Classification (EN 1822 – 2010) | H13 – H14 |
Initial Pressure Drop | H13: 250 Pa H14: 265 Pa |
Final Pressure Drop | H13: 600 Pa H14: 600 Pa |
Applications:
· Ventilation in electronics, medical products, photography industry
· Atmosphere control in hospitals, laboratories, hygienic rooms, and data processing centers
Filter Material | Micro Glass Fiber |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 120 ºC |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %90 |
Efficiency M.P.P.S. | H13: %99,95 |
Classification (EN 1822 – 2010) | H13 |
Initial Pressure Drop | H13: 250 Pa |
Final Pressure Drop | H13: 600 Pa |
Filter Material | Micro Glass Fiber |
Frame Material | Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 70 ºC |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %100 |
Efficiency M.P.P.S. | ≥ %99,995 |
Classification (EN 1822 – 2010) | H14 |
Initial Pressure Drop | 450 Pa |
Final Pressure Drop | 600 Pa |
Applications:
· Purification air and pollution of clean rooms and ceiling diffusers
· Air purification systems with high sterility requirements, such as surgery operating rooms and clinical laboratories
· Air purification in the electronics, pharmaceutical, photographic and food industry
CARBON FILTER
A carbon filter (also called activated carbon filter or charcoal filter) is a specialized air or water filter that removes gases, odors, chemicals, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), not particles.
How It Works:
- Carbon filters use activated carbon — a highly porous form of carbon that traps molecules through a process called adsorption (not absorption).
- Adsorption means the molecules stick to the surface of the carbon, not soak in.
- The huge surface area (up to 3,000 m² per gram) allows it to capture large quantities of gas-phase pollutants.
What Carbon Filters Remove:
Target Contaminants | Examples |
Odors | Cooking smells, smoke, pet odors |
Gases | Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), sulfur compounds |
Volatile Organic Compounds | Formaldehyde, benzene, toluene |
Tobacco Smoke Compounds | Tar, nicotine, gases |
Chemical Fumes | Cleaning agents, paints, and solvents |
What They Do Not Remove:
- Dust, pollen, mold spores, or any particulate matter
That’s why carbon filters are usually combined with HEPA or fine filters in air purifiers and HVAC systems.
Common Applications:
- Air purifiers (home, industrial, medical)
- Kitchen hoods and ventilation systems
- Gas masks and respirators
- HVAC systems (as a gas-phase filter)
- Water purification systems
Maintenance & Lifespan:
- Carbon filters saturate over time and must be replaced regularly.
- Lifespan depends on:
- Carbon weight (more carbon = longer life)
- Pollutant concentration
- Airflow rate
- No simple visual sign when it’s “full” — effectiveness drops silently
Summary:
Feature | Carbon Filter |
Removes | Gases, VOCs, odors, chemicals |
Does not remove | Particulates (dust, pollen, bacteria) |
Works by | Adsorption (not filtration) |
Best used with | HEPA/fine filters |
Common uses | Air purifiers, HVAC, gas masks |
Filter Material | Activated Carbon Impregnated Polyester Fiber |
Thickness | 12 mm |
Max. Operating Temperature | 40 ºC |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %70 |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 0,75 m/s |
Adsorption Capacity (Benzol test) | Max. 70 gr/m2 |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G3 |
Particle Separation Efficiency | %89 |
Flame Resistance | F1 – DIN.53438 |
MFAKE130 | 1×30 meters |
Applications:
· Used for the absorption of odors and gaseous substances.
· Air purification in indoor places/environments.
Filter Material | Activated Carbon Dust Impregnated Polyester Fiber |
Max. Operating Temperature | 40ºC |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %70 |
Initial Pressure Drop | 30 – 100 Pa |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 0,75 m/s |
Classification (EN779-2012) | G3 |
Applications:
· Adsorption of smells and gaseous substances in air purification and air-conditioning plants.
Filter Material | Non-Woven Fabric and Activated Carbon |
Frame Material | Plastic |
Max. Operating Temperature | 40 ºC |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | ≤ 60 % |
Average Colorimetric Efficiency | %25 |
Classification (EN 1822 – 2010) | F7 |
Renewable | No |
Applications:
· Filtration and separation of kitchen odors in shopping centers, museums, airports, hospitals and laboratories.
Ø Cylinder Diameter: (ASTM D2862) | 3 – 4 mm |
Apparent Density: (ASTM D4607) | 500 kg/m3 |
Packing Moisture: (ASTM D2867) | %5 |
Surface area: (BET N2) | 950 m2/gr |
CTC: (ASTM D3467) | %50-55 |
Maximum Operating Temperature | 40ºC |
Applications:
· At low medium concentration, purification of organic dirt in air or other gases
· High retention capacity due to strong pore distribution
· To retain solvent in painting booths and deodorization in kitchens
· Suitable for biogas purification
Mesh size US sieve: (ASTM D2862) | 4×8 |
Apparent Density: (ASTM D2854) | 450 – 500 kg/m3 |
Packing Moisture: (ASTM D2867) | %5 |
Surface area: (BET N2) | 1200 m2/gr |
CTC: (ASTM D3467) | %60-65 |
Maximum Operating Temperature | 40ºC |
Applications:
· At low medium concentration, purification of organic dirt in air or other gases
· High retention capacity due to strong pore distribution
· To retain solvent in painting booths and deodorization in kitchens
· Suitable for biogas purification
Carbon Type | Coal |
Material | Painted Galvanized Sheet |
Max. Operating Temperature | 40 ºC |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | 70% |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 0,5 m/s |
Applications:
· At low medium concentration, purification of organic dirt in air or other gases
· High retention capacity due to strong pore distribution
· To retain solvent in painting booths and deodorization in kitchens
· Suitable for biogas purification
PLATE | CF18 | CF35 |
Dimensions | 305x610x400 mm | 610x610x400 mm |
Recommended Airflow | 1.750 m3/h | 3.500 m3/h |
Max. Operating Temperature | 40 ºC | 40 ºC |
Recommended Airflow Contact Time | 0,18 m/s | 0,18 m/s |
Initial Pressure Drop | 270 Pa | 270 Pa |
Number of Cartridges | 8 | 16 |
Classification | F7 (EN779) | F7 (EN779) |
Plate Weight | 2,5 kg | 6,2 kg |
Carbon Amount | 21 kg | 42 kg |
Max. Operating Relative Humidity | %70 | %70 |
Applications:
· Absorption of smells and toxic gaseous substances
· Air purification of hydrocarbons, organics and other compounds
It’s a system designed to minimize dimensions and pressure drop, thus giving the possibility of purification of high volumes of air. Cartridges are made with painted expanded sheet and filled with active carbon: they are connected with a quick fastening system to the supporting plate for 8 (CF18) or 16 (CF35) cartridges, and gasket provides maximum air tightness.
Weight Volume weight is calculated as 500 kg/m3. Using special carbons for certain desired applications is possible. Pre-filtering F6 at minimum efficiency can be recommended to protect carbon from dust.
CARTRIDGE | CF14400 |
Carbon Type | Coal |
Material | Painted Metal |
Dimensions | Q:140 – H:400 mm |
Carbon Amount | 2,6 Kg |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 220 m3h |
CARTRIDGE | CF14500 |
Carbon Type | Coal |
Material | Painted Metal |
Dimensions | Q: 140 – H: 500 mm |
Carbon Amount | 3,25 Kg |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 275 m3/h |
CARTRIDGE | CF14600 |
Carbon Type | Coal |
Material | Painted Metal |
Dimensions | Q: 140 – H: 600 mm |
Carbon Amount | 4 Kg |
Recommended Airflow Velocity | 330 m3/h |
· These are duct-type filter units used in ventilation air conditioning systems.
· There are models for particle filters and carbon filters for odor.